This article is all about Programing Raspberry Pi Pico with MicroPython for Beginners. From these Articles, you will be to learn different things about Programing Raspberry Pi Pico with MicroPython, for example how to set Raspberry Pi Pico for installation of MicroPython and how it is Programed.
Soon we will write ✍ about Getting started with Raspberry Pi Pico. Which subtopics will be based on RP2040 Microcontroller, Raspberry Pi Pico development board, Pinout of Raspberry Pi pico. So must read that out as well. (SOURCE)
Introduction
This Article is all about Raspberry Pi Pico Programming with MicroPython. So before moving ahead. First, let’s know what is Python?
Python is a program that is named after Monty Python. Here its not python snake but it’s a Programing language which became popular among software developer since its launch in 1991.
Here is an except for it, if you know about Programing language or you had got your master’s degree in Computer programming language then you would be able to know about Python. Actually in this article microphone is used for raspberry pi pico programming.
PYTHON INVENTION:
It was introduced for developing applications for electric devices such as desktops, laptops, and servers. These devices have strong hardware and powerful processor and use an OS.
Here another question, Can a python be used by small Microcontroller embedded systems for writing small applications?
The Anwer is yes but the Python program does not give out it best output when used in Microcontroller boards like Arduino and Raspberry Pi Pico, they have strict restrictions in term of memory and processing power and can’t run Python-like big desktops and laptops.
What is MicroPython?
The MicroPython was introduced by Damien P. George and was written in C language. It is actually a Python language interpreter that is invented for Microcontroller and embedded systems. MicroPython consists of 3 Python known as Compatible, Compiler, and Run time. It is specifically designed to run on small Microcontrollers.
As it’s consists of Pythons three subsets but it doesn’t include all standards of Python libraries as it was developed for the purpose of works on Microcontroller same as big desktops. In MicroPython few Python libraries are added while the remaining are specially written for it mostly for low-level hardware Access.
MICROPYTHON USES :
- If a software developer who had never on hardware but still wants to write libraries for Microcontroller embedded systems for personal or professional projects then MicroPython should be used.
- The MicroPython working method is similar to that of Python. So if the software developer is familiar with Python working systems then controlling MicroPython will be easier for him/her.
- But if the software developer is working the first time then don’t worry it’s an easy language and can be easily learned
How is Computer to use for Raspberry Pi Programming?
Before going forward let’s know about” what is a computer? “
A Computer is an electronic device that is used to process and store data typically in Binary form and it performs the function given to it by the user.
RASPBERRY PI PICO DOCUMENTATION:
The computer host used for Raspberry Pi Pico documentation is Raspberry Pi SBC. It can be used for either MicroPython or C. While working on MicroPython any computer such as Windows, Mac or Linux can be used just by installing or downloading IDE known as Thonny.
RECOMMENDATION:
We recommend you to use a Linux-based computer ???? just like Raspberry Pi Computer while working with C, as it makes downloading the SDK and writing C Program easy.
We also recommend you to use Raspberry Pi for debugging code purposes as it will be helpful by using GPIO from Raspberry Pi for debugging Raspberry Pi Pico.
NOTE:
In this article, we have used Windows systems to explain in detail how Raspberry Pi Pico is Programmed with MicroPython. These steps can also be used on the OS system as well.
How to Install MicroPython on Raspberry Pi Pico?
Download MicroPython Binary
Let’s get started with the programming Raspberry Pi Pico on MicroPython. (SOURCE)
STEPS:
- At the download the Prebuilt Binary from the Official Raspberry Pi Pico’s Foundation or Website. This program makes it easy to run MicroPython on Raspberry Pi Pico and also it’s the fastest way.
- Now visit the documentation page of Raspberry Pi and click On the “Getting Started MicroPython ” tab.
When the “Getting Started MicroPython” tab is clicked, All the text below the tab changes according to the chosen tab.
Text related to Getting started with MicroPython appears along with a few animated steps on “how to install MicroPython on Raspberry Pi Pico”?
3: Now go through all the important information and click on the “Download UF2 file” option. A MicroPython Binary will start downloading in the form of a .uf2 file.
Note:
Soon the file will be quickly downloaded if the network connection is fast so make sure to use fast service, then you will get files quickly and without errors.
Install MicroPython on Raspberry Pi Pico
When the file is downloaded then upload it to the “firmware” to the Raspberry Pi Pico. For uploading purposes follow the steps:
STEPS:
- First of all, convert Pico into Bootloader mode. For converting purposes, plug in a micro-USB cable to a micro-USB port of Raspberry Pi Pico. Then hold the BOOTSEL BUTTON on the Pico and attach the USB cable to the USB port in the host computer while holding the button.
- When Raspberry Pi Pico appears with “RPI-RP2 then release the button after few seconds.
- Now, After opening the file, you’ll see an HTML file.
4: Now drag and drop the downloaded MicroPython UF2 file into the downloaded folder on the RPI-RP2 device. 5: After transferring the Raspberry Pi Pico will get restarted and the mass storage device will disappear after copying the file.
Results:
The Raspberry Pi Pico is ready to use MicroPython and to program Raspberry Pi Pico with MicroPython. (SOURCE)
Downloading Thonny
Just in case, the host computer is based on Linux or Mac programming then terminals and Minicom are used for communication purposes with Raspberry Pi Pico.
But in this Article given below are the methods for programming Raspberry Pi Pico using Thonny IDE.
IDE.
For better understanding first, know about “what is Thonny “?
It’s a simple Python IDE program available for Windows, Mac, and Linux but the Raspberry Pi OS comes along with Thonny preinstalled.
While using Windows systems versions of Thonny should be downloaded. “thonny-3.3.5.exe” is added, now double click on it then it will start downloading and Thonny will be installed.
NOTE:
Now you also know that there is nothing difficult in it and nothing special is needed for installation as it’s a very straightforward process. If you want then you can also create a desktop shortcut just by selecting and copying it.
Configuring Thonny for Raspberry Pi Programming
When the ThoThonny IDE has installed open it and before it makes sure that Raspberry Pi Pico is attached to the host computer. Thonny is very simple and its layout is divided into 4 parts;
1: Toolbar 2: Script Area 3: Shell 4: Interpreter.
All of them are shown in the below-given image;
- The Toolbar: Work as saving, running, and stopping the programs. The Script Area: It is for writing Python Programs.
- The Shell: It is an interactive REPL (Read-Evaluate-Print-Loop) block it works when an individual command is given to the interpreters and then they will execute them.
- The Interpreter: It works as Selecting the right interpreter from the IDE on the bottom right side.
Thonny IDE is a desk designed to interpret Python 3.x.x. automatically.
Now, Click on Python and select MicroPython (Raspberry Pi Pico) interpreter. When the MicroPython interpreter is selected, the shell ???? changes to MicroPython at the bottom.
As the MicroPython supports REPL, now when the command is written in the shell, the Raspberry Pi Pico will complete the command. (source)
The example is given below.
Programming Raspberry Pi Pico with MicroPython
In the Shell, any command can be written with these“>>>” symbols. For example, writing “HELLO WORLD”.
print(“Hello, World!”)
When the command is given in the shell of MicroPython interpreter whose working systems are based on Raspberry Pi Pico. When the command is received the MicroPython will respond will a “Hello, World!” reply and will automatically print it in its the shell.
If the layout of the Raspberry Pi Pico, an LED is attached to GPIO 25. Then this LED can be turned ON and OFF from the shell.
For trying to ON and OFF the LED light. For this purpose at first, a special library is imported known as a ” machine”. This library’s function is to control the hardware of the Raspberry Pi pico board. Also, the Machin module when used on Microcontroller, it is reset, enabled or disabled, put to sleep ???? ???? , etc.
CLASSES OF MACHINE MODULE:
Some of the machine modules are given below:
- Pin Signal
- ADC
- UART
- SPI
- I2C
- RTC
- Timer
- WDT
- SD
- SD Card
All these are explained with their classes and functions and their usage. The MicroPython is the best choice for starting and exploring more about MicroPython Libraries.
IMPORTING PINS:
For using the GPIO block, follow the following steps:
1: At first write a command “import the pin from the machine ” as this pin is used for controlling the IO pins of Raspberry Pi Pico.
from machine import Pin
2: In the next step, provide details by creating an object from class Pin (led), and then the GPIO number is given with its a direction like Input or Output.
led_gpio25 = Pin(25, Pin.OUT)
3: LED is used as an object from the class pin so now for turning ON, manage its value properly.
led_gpio25.value(1)
4: Now After Typing the given line carefully in the shell. The LED will turn ON. Now for turning OFF, manage to bring the value of the pin to 0.
led_gpio25.value(0)
Blink an LED in Raspberry Pi Programming
For commands, interpretation shell is the best but here a question arises, what to do if you need to write a complete Python Program?
The answer is for such purposes there is “Script Area”. Now, let’s move forward toward the process of writings ✍ a Python Program for Raspberry Pi Pico and Blink an LED (source).
STEPS :
1: First of All, with the use or help of a 220Ω current controlling resistor, attach a 5mm red LED to GPIO 16 of Raspberry Pi pico.
2: In the second step, copy or type the given code.
#Import Pin class from machine library to configure GPIO Pins.
from machine import Pin
#Import utime library to implement delay
import utime
#create an object of Pin class and set GPIO Parameters (GPIO Pin, Direction).
led_gpio16 = Pin(16, Pin.OUT)
#Create an infinite loop. This is similar to while(1) in C.
while True:
#Set value to 1 to turn ON LED.
led_gpio16.value(1)
#sleep_ms function provides delay in milliseconds.
utime.sleep_ms(100)
#Set value to 0 to turn OFF LED.
led_gpio16.value(0)
#Provide another 100ms delay to see the LED Blinking.
utime.sleep_ms(100)
3: Now save it by clicking on Save Button and choose Raspberry Pi Pico, when a notification appears.
4: Name the file and click OK or done. We had named it “main.py”.
5: Now Click on the ‘Run’ button and then you will be able to see LED Blinking.
6: There is another option for code reducing Instead of setting values as 1 and 0, use toggled value.
#Import Pin class from machine library to configure GPIO Pins.
from machine import Pin
#Import utime library to implement delay
import utime
#create an object of Pin class and set GPIO Parameters (GPIO Pin, Direction).
led_gpio25 = Pin(25, Pin.OUT)
#Create an infinite loop. This is similar to while(1) in C.
while True:
#Toggle the status of LED.
led_gpio25.toggle()
#sleep_ms function provides delay in milliseconds.
utime.sleep_ms(100)
Reason for Naming main.py in Raspberry Pi Programming
Here a question arises what is the main.py name purpose?
The answer is, when the Python script is named main.py then you will be able to reset, restart, shut down the Raspberry Pi Pico easily just as Microcontroller is Programmed to perform these actions when needed.
- Python program can be given any name but when “blinky.py” is given. It will not be interpreted if the power is removed and then reconnected. These are the few reasons for which you have to name the file or script “main.py”.
- The Python script will only be interpreted when it’s named ‘ main.py ‘. If there are Multiple Python scripts then only scripts with mentioned names will be executed by MicroPython.
NOTE: We are not experts, we are still learning about it. The naming process is written based on experience.
Read from Button
As some topics such as setting Raspberry Pi Pico’s GPIO Pin are explained above by setting putting GPIO pin as Output and Blink as LED.
Let’s explain this topic in a little bit of detail for better understanding.
At first, for Input purposes set the GPIO Pin and then attach a button to it. Then examine the status of the button and then check the state of the LED.
CODE:
For explanation purposes, for Input pin GPIO 15 is used and a simple push-button is attached. The other terminals of the button are attached to 3.3V. For exact and clear value use the PULLDOWN option in the button.
In a normal state, PICO shows a LOW value on the button pin but when the button is pressed the PICO value increased, and now it shows a HIGH value.
Conclusion
This article is based on a detailed explanation of Programming Raspberry Pi Pico with MicroPython.
After reading it you will be able to understand important topics related to Raspberry Pi Pico. As there are sub-topics such as installation of MicroPython, Thonny IDE, Blink an LED, and Importance of reading button.
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